Verfahren zur Alkylierung von Lactamen

摘要

Mineral and lube oils may contain homopolymers resulting from the polymerization by conventional solution polymerization of alkylated N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, alkylated N-vinyl-2-piperidone, or alkylated N-vinyl-e -carprolactam.ALSO:Alkylated lactams are prepared by heating from 0.01 to 10 mols inclusive of an a -olefine or halo-a -olefine of from 2 to 100 carbon atoms inclusive with 1 mol. of a lactam of the general formula wherein R represents an alkylene group selected from ethylene, trimethylene and tetramethylene and R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C4 alkyl radical, at 120 DEG to 160 DEG C. for 6 to 48 hours in the presence of 0.001 mol. to 1 mol. of organic peroxide. The products of the alkylation are usually mixtures of alkylated lactams which may be separated into their various component compounds if desired. Mixtures of olefines, for example those obtained by cracking petroleum wax, may be employed as the olefine reactant. Any unreacted lactam may be removed from the reaction product by distillation under reduced pressure.ALSO:Alkylated lactams are prepared by heating 0.01 to 10 mols. of an a -olefine or halo-a -olefine of from 2 to 100 carbon atoms inclusive with 1 mol. of a lactam of the general formula wherein R represents an alkylene group selected from ethylene, trimethylene and tetramethylene and R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C4 alkyl radical, at 120 DEG to 160 DEG C. for 6 to 48 hours in the presence of 0.001 to 1 mol. of organic peroxide. The products of the alkylation are usually mixtures of alkylated lactams which may be separated into their various components if desired. Specified olefine reactants include the polybutenes of M.W. 300 to 1500.ALSO:Homoploymers resulting from the polymerization by conventional solution polymerization of alkylated N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, alkylated N-vinyl-2-piperidone, or alkylated-N-vinyl-e -caprolactam are formulated with "Freon" (Trade Mark) propellants to yield hair sprays.