Lithium secondary batteries containing non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte

摘要

A rechargeable lithium cell comprising a cathode having a cathode active material, an anode having an anode active material, a porous separator electronically separating the anode and the cathode, a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte in contact with the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte contains a lithium salt dissolved in a first organic liquid solvent with a concentration sufficiently high so that the electrolyte exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than the flash point of the first organic liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no flash point. This battery cell is non-flammable and safe, has a long cycle life, high capacity, and high energy density.

主权项

1. A rechargeable lithium cell comprising a cathode having a cathode active material, an anode having an anode active material, a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode, a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte in contact with said cathode and said anode, wherein said electrolyte contains a lithium salt dissolved in a first organic liquid solvent with a concentration greater than 3.5 M so that said electrolyte exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a vapor pressure less than 60% of the vapor pressure of said first organic solvent alone, a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than a flash point of said first organic liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no flash point, wherein said rechargeable lithium cell does not include a lithium-sulfur cell and said electrolyte does not include an ionic liquid.