| 摘要 |
The invention relates to means and methods for water purification by a crystallisation method and can be used in everyday life, food industry and medicine. The technical result of the disclosed invention is provision of a method and apparatus for water purification by freezing that ensure higher quality of purified water and shorter purification time. The water purification method comprises filling of a vessel with water to be purified, water cooling and then freezing in the named vessel to provide a liquid concentrate of organic and inorganic impurities, draining of the named liquid concentrate, ice melting at a positive temperature until it thaws, and then discharge of purified melt water. Water cooling, crystallisation and ice thawing by heating are provided outside the working vessel by means of cooling and heating elements contacting thermally conductive walls of the vessel. Water to be purified, before cooling and freezing is shaped in the form of a liquid layer by filling with water a vessel, the inner volume of which is shaped as a slit-like cavity. In the process, the liquid layer is imparted a flat or annular shape in a vessel, the inner volume of which is implemented as a flat or annular slit-like cavity. The water purification apparatus comprises a water purification vessel made of a thermally conductive material, a control unit connected to cooling and heating elements, their surfaces contacting the thermally conductive wall of the vessel on the outside. The water purification vessel is flat and comprises two thermally conductive plates spaced from each other and sealed tightly at their bottom and side ends by partitions so that a flat slit-like cavity is formed inside the vessel, or the vessel is annular and comprises two coaxially arranged hollow cylinders of different diameters, the gap between the cylinders being closed tightly at the bottom by a partition, so that an annular slit-like cavity is formed inside the vessel. |
