| 摘要 |
A rigid percutaneous nephroscope has the usual, rigid shaft which is placed from outside through the renal parenchyma into the renal calix. A flexible endoscope of a commercially available type is used as endoscope insert and is rigidly retained by the shaft in its flexible part, and the bendable distal end piece, which can be moved on a very small space, of which provides considerably improved viewing and working conditions.
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