| 摘要 |
Process for the preparation of fluoroformates of formula: <IMAGE> in which R<1> represents a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or polycylic residue, a substituted or unsubstituted araliphatic residue or an aromatic residue, characterised in that a carbonate of formula <IMAGE> in which R<1> has the above meaning and R<2> represents a hydrogen atom, a C1 - C12 alkyl or C5 - C12 cycloalkyl residue, which is saturated or unsaturated and optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms or an aryl residue which is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms, is reacted with an alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or quaternary ammonium NR<3>R<4>R<5>R<6> fluoride, in which R<3>, R<4,> R<5>, and R<6>, which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C1 - C12 alkyl or aralkyl group, or with an inorganic fluoride chosen from KHF2, NH4HF2 or KSO2F, which is activated either by a cation complexing agent chosen from the cryptates or the cyclic or linear polyethers, or by a polar aprotic medium, at a temperature of between 20 and 120 DEG C, in that the fluoroformate or the aldehyde obtained are separated from the reaction mixture, or both are separated from the reaction mixture as they are formed, and in that the fluoroformate is collected. The process makes it possible to obtain fluoroformates with a high purity and an excellent yield.
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