| 摘要 |
<p>Apparatus for melt-spinning filament-forming synthetic organic linear high polymers comprises a source of molten polymer, a number of spinnerets and a number of pipelines connecting the source of molten polymer to the spinnerets, each pipeline comprising a pump, a pump outlet pipe, a pump intake pipe, means for normally maintaining the polymer in the pump and pipes in the molten state, and means for temporarily cooling a localized zone of the pump intake pipe while it is entirely filled with the polymer, to cause the temporary formation of a solidified polymer plug occupying the whole of the cross-section of the intake pipe and to stop the flow of molten polymer therein, whenever it is desired to disassemble the pump without discontinuing the flow of molten polymer through the other pipelines. In an example a molten polymer continuously flows through a pipe surrounded by a jacket through which a heated fluid is circulated to keep the material in a molten condition during its passage through the pipe. The portion of the pipe where it is desired to arrest the flow of molten material is surrounded by an annular chamber through which a current of a cold fluid, e.g. air, may be passed, thus causing the molten polymer to solidify locally and form a plug. If desired, the circulation of heating fluid in the jacket in the vicinity of the zone where the plug is to be formed may be reduced or discontinued in order to cause the plug to form more quickly. In order to re-establish the flow of the molten polymer the flow of cold fluid through the annular chamber is discontinued, thus enabling the heat transmitted from the jacket to melt the plug. The melting of the plug may be accelerated by passing a heating fluid through the annular chamber or by heating the plug by means of an electrical resistance surrounding the zone of the plug and located, for example, in the annular chamber. The portion of the pipe in which the plug is to be formed may be so shaped as to retain the plug and prevent its being moved from its position by the pressure of the liquid acting on one end thereof, e.g. the pipe may be provided with a constriction, an internal screw thread or a series of internal steps or projections. If the pipe through which the molten polymer flows is of comparatively large diameter a metal body, for example torpedo-shaped, may be located in the axis of that portion of the pipe in which the plug is to be formed, the body being preferably connected to the pipe by means of metallic heat-conducting fins. The body serves to anchor the plug and to render the melting of the plug more uniform when the flow of cooling fluid through the chamber surrounding the plug is discontinued. The melting of the portion of the plug adjacent to the pipe wall while the core of the plug is still solid is thus prevented, so that the unmolten core is not carried by the resumed flow of molten polymer along the pipe line. The local cooling of the molten polymer flowing through a pipe may also be effected from the inside out, e.g. by the passage of a cooling medium through a small diameter tube (which may be of U-shape) located in the plug-forming zone of the pipe. The plug may thereafter be melted by the passage of a heating medium through the tube. The cooling and heating means from the inside out may be employed simultaneously with the outside to inside means previously described.</p> |
