| 摘要 |
Interpolymers of compounds containing carbon to carbon unsaturation and having an aldehyde group masked by attachment of ester groups, with ethylenic compounds are subjected to hydrolysis, alcoholysis or saponification. Interpolymers specified are made from (a) allylidene, 2-methallylidene, 2-phenylallylidene, 2-chloroallylidene, crotylidene, cinnamylidene, p-vinyl benzylidene and vinyl naphthylidene diacetates, allylidene dipropionate, allylidene dibenzoate and allylidene benzoate-acetate; and (b) vinyl acetate, thioacetate, chloride, cyanide and fluoride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, butadiene, chloroprene, ethylene, isobutylene, methyl acrylate and methacrylate, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetylene, vinyl carbazole and vinyl pyridine. When the interpolymer contains also masked hydroxyl groups, e.g. ester groups, and hydrolysis is effected in an alkaline medium, the product is stable, but cross-linking occurs in acid media to form an insoluble, infusible product. Cross-linking may be effected also through cellulose, glycol cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, glycerol, glycols, polythioalcohols and diamines. Hydroxyl groups remaining after cross-linking may be acetalized with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde. In examples: (1) vinyl acetate and allylidene diacetate are copolymerized in water containing sodium bicarbonate, polyvinyl alcohol and benzoyl peroxide and the product saponified with sodium hydroxide in methanol; (6) acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and allylidene diacetate are copolymerized in water containing ammonium persulphate, metasodium bisulphite, sodium triisopropyl naphthalene b -sulphonic acid, sodium hydroxide and monosodium phosphate and a film cast from a dimethyl formamide solution of the copolymer is hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid. The unhydrolysed interpolymers may be spun or cast into filaments and films. They may be added to cellulose esters or ethers and the composition hydrolysed to produce regenerated cellulose cross-linked with the unmasked aldehyde groups of the interpolymer. The water-soluble hydrolysed products may be used as adhesives, finishes for fabrics, sizes, intermediate coatings on organic base materials, sausage casings and polarizing materials. They may be hot-drawn and as cross-linking causes shrinkage are useful as shrinkage wrappers. They may be used in preparing photographic silver halide dispersions, or reacted with dye intermediates containing aldehyde reactive groups for use in colour photography. Specification 596,620 is referred to. |
