| 摘要 |
FIELD: blasting operations.SUBSTANCE: device for selection of the hole size for easy detachable element of construction and its mass, designed to protect buildings and structures from explosions comprises an explosive chamber, in the upper base of which there is a hole overlapped by the easy detachable element. The hole area can vary by screwing the removable rings. The detachable element overlaps the hole in the ring, over which a protective shield is fixed. The second hole is overlapped by the valve which is pressed against the hole by means of an electromagnet and opens by the spring during opening of the contacts. The pressing force of the valve and compressing the spring is set so as the total force to be equal to the allowed pressure multiplied by the area of the valve hole, i.e. ?F=Fe.m - Fpr=?Pdm Scl, where Fe.m is the force of the electromagnet pressing the valve to the hole, N/m; Fpr is force of compressing the spring, opening the valve, H:Fpr=(10÷15) gm, where g = 9.81 m/s; m is mass of the electromagnet core with the valve, kg; ?Rdm is allowable pressure drop for the model plant; Scl is the area of opening the valve, m. The easy detachable comprises a metal armoured frame with metal armoured coating and filler - lead having at the ends four fixed support tubes. In coating of the explosive object four support rods are rigidly embedded, which are telescopically inserted in the fixed support tubes of the panel. The filler is made in the form of the dispersion system air-lead, at that the lead is made in the form of crumbs, and the support rods are made elastic. Additionally, it comprises elastic-damping collapsing elements of single action, which are mounted on the support rods to the sheet-abutments through the damping base with the screws. A sleeve of single action is attached by the flange with the screws to the base coaxially to the rod, made of fragile, collapsible material such as porcelain. The space between the sleeve and the elastic part of the collapsible element is filled with construction foam, which connects the leaf springs with the sleeve of single action, forming a three-dimensional damper, which contributes to reliable fastening of the leaf springs and receives the first shock pulse.EFFECT: invention enables to improve the efficiency of protection against explosions.3 dwg |
