| 摘要 |
<PICT:0451958/IV/1> Unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines are obtained by subjecting gaseous or vaporous hydrocarbon to treatment at temperature of 650--900 DEG C. in a Cowper stove or like chamber in which the free cross-section available for the passage of the gases is not more than one tenth of the total cross-section of the reaction chamber, the gases after the treatment being discharged rapidly without passage through the combustion chamber used to heat the stove. The gases are preferably led at a speed of 40 metres per sec. or more through narrow passages formed by subdividing the eccentric space into channels of less than 1 cm. cross-section. A Cowper stove A is provided with refractory bricks G of silicon carbide so as to form channels L 2.5 mm. wide; the free cross-section of the stove being 137,5 sq. cms. and the total cross-section 3735,5 sq. cms. The stove is heated to 1000 DEG by flowing hot gases from a combustion chamber B through the channels L, part of the gas being recycled by a blower H. Gases to be treated are then led in through K and pass off through a spray cooler N. Steam can be introduced for scavenging through J. A gas mixture containing 3 per cent H2, 5 per cent CH4, 18,8 per cent C2H6, 0,2 per cent C2/H4, 48 per cent C3H8, 2 per cent C3H6, 19 per cent C4H10, 1 per cent C4H8 and the remainder nitrogen is thus converted into a product containing 18 per cent H2, 37 per cent CH4, 25 per cent C2H4, 6 per cent C3H6, 1,5 per cent C4H8 and 11,5 per cent of homologues of methane. Specification 348,371, [Group XII], is referred to.
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