| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in motorcar, chemical, electronic and electrochemical industry. Graphite nanofibres with diameter of up to 50 nm, length of about 5 mcm and specific surface area of about 200 m/g, which contain about 1 wt % catalyst nanoparticles with size of 10-30 nm are put into a container and held in a helium current at 773 K for pre-treatment. The catalyst used is one of the metals which dissociatively adsorb hydrogen - Pd, Pt, Ni, Ti, Fe, Co, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Rh, Ru, Os, Ir, La, Mg and/or alloys thereof. The fibres are then hydrotreated at hydrogen pressure of 11 MPa and temperature of 298 K for 24 hours. A layer of chemisorbed hydrogen with thermal desorption activation energy of about 1.2 eV is formed in the surface regions of the nanofibres and a layer of chemisorbed hydrogen with thermal desorption activation energy of about 2.5 eV is formed on the inner surfaces of the nanofibres. Highly compact molecular hydrogen with density of up to 0.7 g/cmis intercalated in slit-like nanocavities in amount of about 10 wt %. Hydrogen is removed from the slit-like nanocavities by sharply reducing pressure and then annealing the sample at 295 K for 10 minutes. Chemisorbed hydrogen with thermal desorption activation energy of about 1.2 eV is removed by annealing at 800 K for 3 hours. The obtained nanofibres consist of multilayer fragments of graphane - polygraphane, in form of dark strips which are separated into separate nano-regions by slit-like nanocavities in form of light strips.EFFECT: invention simplifies the process by excluding steps which are complex and not practically feasible.2 cl, 7 dwg, 1 ex |
