| 摘要 |
1,145,125. Seismic prospecting. INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE, DES CARBURANTS ET LUBRIFIANTS. 13 April, 1966 [13 April, 1965; 31 Aug., 1965]. No. 16157/66. Heading H4D. In a system for generating seismic waves an explosive charge is detonated in a liquid-filled chamber having a deformable base in contact with the ground. In the embodiment of Fig. 3 an explosive cartridge 12 is forced down tube 13 from a loading device 14 by fluid pressure established by a pump 19 supplying fluid to a valve 15 and is exploded in a liquid-filled chamber 1. Combustion gases are removed from the top of a chamber extension 3 by the pumped liquid. The pressure pulse of the explosion is transmitted to the ground through a deformable base member 2, but secondary pulses due to oscillations of the combustion gas bubble are suppressed by the provision of a perforated sphere 7 to break up the bubble. A further seismic pressure pulse due to chamber 1 rising and falling back to the ground is prevented by providing hydraulic or pneumatic jacks 29 which permit the chamber to rise rapidly but cushion its fall. A screen of air bubbles to protect the chamber side wall from shock wave damage may be provided by means of a perforated member (4) (Fig. 2) at the base of chamber 1. The cartridge loading and firing systems may be as disclosed in Specifications 1,097,227 and 1,120,023. In a second embodiment (Figs. 5 and 6), the hydraulic jack system is replaced by a single piston (39) coupled to chamber extension 3 and moving in a fluid filled cylinder (36) secured to an enclosure (28) surrounding chamber 1, and the perforated sphere is replaced by two part-spherical perforated screens (34) secured to extension 3. In a third embodiment (Fig. 8) the chamber 1 is prevented from leaving the ground by the provision of bolts (57) for anchoring it to the ground. In a fourth embodiment (Fig. 9), the explosive cartridge system is replaced by a system for electrically firing an explosive liquid mixture, the constituents of which are supplied to the perforated sphere 7 through conduits (59 and 59a). Details of a system for mounting the seismic wave generator on a transport vehicle, in which a pneumatic jack is used to raise the generator from the ground for transport and also provides cushioning for its fall, are given (Figs. 7 and 7a). In a seismic exploration method the generator may provide repetitive pulses and the respective recorded traces may be summed to improve signal-to-noise ratio.
|
