| 摘要 |
Acrylonitrile is copolymerized with an aryl sulphonic ester of an unsaturated alcohol having the formula CH2=C(R)-R1-O-SO2-R2, in which R is hydrogen or a methyl radical, R1 is a divalent hydrocarbon group and R2 is an aryl group, e.g. allyl and methallyl para-toluene sulphonates, the proportions of acrylonitrile and the ester being such that the copolymer contains at least 85 mol. per cent of acrylonitrile, 0.5 to 10 mol. per cent of the ester, and, if desired, minor proportions of other copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compounds, and reacting the copolymer so obtained with ammonia or a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine, such as ethylamine, aniline, the toluidines, diethylamine, piperidine, pyridine, alphapicoline, dimethyl aniline, and dimethyl paratoluidine. In the reaction with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine aryl sulphonic groups in the copolymer are split off and replaced by amino or substituted amino groups; when a tertiary amine is used a quaternary ammonium sulphonate is formed. The reaction with ammonia or an amine may be carried out on the copolymer in finely-divided form or in the form of a filament or film. The aftertreated copolymers have improved affinity for acid dyestuffs. Additional monomers specified which may be present in the copolymers are methyl and ethyl acrylates, methyl methacrylate, styrene and vinyl acetate. Copolymerization of the monomers is carried out in aqueous emulsion containing a sulphonated long-chain fatty alcohol as a dispersing agent and a mixture of ammonium persulphate and potassium metabisulphite as a catalyst; the mixture of monomers may be added gradually to the polymerization medium as the reaction proceeds. Specifications 666,716, 670,268, 670,269 and 687,537 are referred to. |
