| 摘要 |
Hydrocarbons boiling in the motor fuel range are produced by the polymerization of olefins in the presence of a catalyst prepared by impregnating a solid carrier with a phosphoric acid, drying at 375-425 DEG F., and calcining at above 600 DEG F. (see Group III). The feed may contain 30-50 per cent olefins and may be reacted at 300-900 DEG F. and 50-1500 lb. per sq. in. gauge. In a process of the slurry type, reaction products are separated in a slurry fractionation zone and a catalyst slurry is returned to the reactor. In a fluidized process, the product gases are contacted with a hydrocarbon quench liquid to remove catalyst particles. A fixed bed process is also described in which gases containing C3 and C4 olefins are treated to remove hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans, and passed through catalyst in water-cooled tubes in two reactors; before fractionation, the reaction products are treated to separate propane and lower boiling hydrocarbons, and also to separate butane. To prevent dehydration of the catalyst, water may be injected into the catalyst bed, or the feed may be contacted with water. Specifications 437,188; 463,272, 463,864 [both in Group III] and 690,387 are referred to.ALSO:A catalyst of improved strength, for the polymerization of olefins to hydrocarbons boiling in the motor fuel range (see Group IV(b)), is prepared by impregnating a solid carrier, e.g. silica gel or kieselguhr, with a phosphoric acid, drying at a temperature between 375 DEG and 425 DEG F, preferably for 24-36 hours, and calcining at a temperature above 600 DEG F, preferably for 1-4 hours. Orthophosphoric, pyrophosphoric, permonophosphoric, or perdiphosphoric acid may be used. The catalyst may be further improved by heating the carrier before impregnation to a temperature between 250 DEG and 400 DEG F and then to a temperature between 400 DEG and 1,400 DEG F (preferably 800 DEG -1,250 DEG F). Copper or nickel salts, e.g. the phosphates, nitrates, sulphates, chlorides, fluorides or oxides in an amount of 1-5 per cent may be included in the catalyst, for example, as described in Specification 690,387. Specifications 437,188, 463,272 and 463,864 also are referred to. |
