Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte battery that can ensure safety when there is an abnormality in the battery, and inhibit reduction in capacity and output during battery use. A lithium-ion secondary battery (20) has a battery container (7) that accommodates an electrode group (6) onto which positive and negative electrode plates are wound with a separator therebetween and that is filled with a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode plate comprises an aluminum foil (W1) on both sides of which is formed a positive electrode mix layer (W2) containing a lithium transition metal multiple oxide. On the surface of the positive electrode mix layer (W2) is formed a flame retardant layer (W6) containing a phosphazene-compound flame retardant agent and a polyethylene oxide of an ion conductive binder. The negative electrode plate comprises a rolled copper foil (W3) on both sides of which is formed a negative electrode mix layer (W4) containing a carbon material of a negative electrode active material. The polyethylene oxide maintains ion conductivity, and when the battery temperature increases due to a battery abnormality, the phosphazene compound breaks down.
