| 摘要 |
In extracting mucilages from seeds, e.g. the seeds of Ceratonia siliqua (locust), Cyanopsis tetragonologous, Tamarindus indica, Cesalpinia spinosa, Cesalpinia tinctoria, Cassia and Plantago psyllium, the seeds are soaked in a liquid which expands on freezing, such as water or an aqueous solution having a pH value between 1 and 13.5 and cooled to freeze the liquid and detach the mucilage-containing endosperms, which are then separated from the husks and embryos. The isolated endosperms may be dried and ground in roll-mills. Alternatively, the unsoaked seeds are ground, e.g. in a hammer-mill, to reduce the embryos to a fine powder and the endosperms into larger fragments having husks clinging to them. The powder is separated from the larger fragments, which are then soaked and frozen to detach the husks. The liquid may contain one or more of the following substances: sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium fluoride, potassium bicarbonate, ammonia, sulphuric acid, sulphur dioxide, soluble albumin, a tetralkyl ammonium compound, alcohol, glycerine, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, a substituted phenol, butyl-naphthalene sulphonate. The seeds may be stirred during soaking and freezing.ALSO:Water-soluble gums containing glucomannans, galactomannans, glucogalactans, xylans and arabans are obtained by separating the endosperms from locust &c. seeds (see Group I).
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