Nanostrukturierte Silizium-Kohlenstoff-Komposite für Batterieelektroden

摘要

The invention relates to a process for producing nanostructured silicon-carbon composites, comprising the (A) introduction of at least one of components (a1) mono- and/or polyhydroxyaromatic compound, and (a2) an aldehyde, and (a3) a catalyst, into a reactor to obtain a composition in which the components react with one another in the presence of the catalyst at a reaction temperature T of 75 to 200° C., and at a pressure of 80 to 2400 kPa, and over a period to of 0.001 to 1 000 000 s, which gives a preliminary gel, and (B) introduction of at least one component (b1) sub-micron silicon powder, in crystalline or amorphous form, into the composition obtained during or after step (A), and then (C) introduction of the product obtained after step (B) into a neutralizing agent selected from an acid if (a3) is a basic catalyst, or an alkali if (a3) is an acidic catalyst, which gives a finely divided product, and (D) drying the product obtained during or after step (C) and then (E) carbonizing the product obtained after step (D) at a temperature of 500 to 1200° C., to the composites themselves, to the use thereof as an anode material for lithium ion cells and batteries, and to the lithium ion cells and batteries.