| 摘要 |
Aspects relate to the field of label-free biosensors, including optical biosensors and electric biosensors, for studying cellular behaviour particularly early events in cell migration, under a concentration gradient of stimulus. Various embodiments include devices and methods that enable the generation of a concentration gradient of stimulus for cells contacting with the surface of a biosensor including a label free biosensor. Some aspects also disclose methods to detect cellular responses upon such concentration gradient of a stimulus, as well as methods to detect the potency and efficacy of a stimulus using a single biosensor.
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