Improvements in polyvinyl chloride and like compositions

摘要

One or more quaternary ammonium salts of the formula are added to polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride copolymers in amounts to render products made from the resulting composition sufficiently electro-conductive for the discharge of static electricity. In the formula R is a C12-18 alkyl group and R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl, aralkyl or aryl groups. Quaternary salts specified are octadecyl dimethyl-, lauryl dimethyl-, coco dimethyl-, stearine dimethyl-, olein dimethyl-, cetyl dimethyl-, distearine methyl- and dicocomethyl-, -ethyl ammonium ethyl sulphate. The composition may also contain a non-ionic surface active agent, e.g. polyethylene glycol 200 laurate. There are numerous exemplary compositions containing PVC and one or more of the above mentioned quaternary salts and various of the following ingredients: a di (mixed C7-9 alcohol) phthalate; white lead carbonate; lead stearate; trixylenyl phosphate; polyethylene glycol laurate; dinonyl phthalate; dioctyl adipate; an epoxy stabilizer/plasticizer; various proprietary stabilizers, extenders and plasticizers; carbon black; and an alkyl aryl phosphate stabilizer. The compositions are particularly useful in the manufacture of conveyer belting or footwear. Laminates. The composition is particularly desirable for the surface layer of multiply belting but may also be used for interply layers or to impregnate fabric interplies. In examples the compositions are used (a) for five-ply belting, the plasticizer and lubricant contents being varied for the portion used to impregnate fabric plies and that used for interplies and covers; (b) for the manufacture of footwear, optionally with an intermediate layer of the composition according to Specification 858,530, by pouring a liquid polyvinyl chloride composition into a shoe mould, semi-gelling by heat, pouring off surplus liquid, repeating, and finally heating further to gel all the layers together. According to the Provisional Specification the quaternary salts may have any organic anion.