摘要 |
The invention provides compounds of formula I: wherein a, b, c, m, n, q, r, W, Z<SUP>1</SUP>, Ar<SUP>1</SUP>, Y, R<SUP>1</SUP>, R<SUP>2</SUP>, and R<SUP>3 </SUP>are as defined in the specification. The compounds of formula I are muscarinic receptor antagonists. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds and methods of using such compounds to treat pulmonary disorders.
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