| 摘要 |
Various optical apparatus provide a source of parallel light ( 7, 75 ). The parallel light ( 7, 75 ) is generally achieved by directing an incident beam at the apex of a prism ( 1, 22, 24, 26, 28 ). The prism may have varying configurations. One configuration has a forward conical face ( 24 ). Another configuration has a pyramidal forward end ( 22 ). Other configurations are also disclosed. The application also discloses the use of reflectors ( 20, 78, 216, 316, 400 ) having internal reflective surfaces shaped as three-dimensional figures of revolution, for example paraboloid or ellipsoid. The reflectors ( 20, 78, 216, 316 ) focus light incident onto the reflectors at one or more foci (F, 220, 320, 420 ). The reflectors may be used in combination with the optical apparatus including the prisms ( 1, 22, 24, 26, 28 ). The reflectors ( 20, 78, 216,316 ) may be used in flow cytometers for focusing light at a sample stream ( 237, 337 ) passing through the focus (F, 220, 320, 420 ) of the reflector ( 20, 78, 216, 316 ). The collection of scattered and/or fluorescent light from an illuminated sample stream ( 237, 337 ) in a flow cytometer may be achieved with the use of a collector shaped as a figure of revolution e.g. paraboloid or ellipsoid. Various optical methods and methods for flow cytometry are also disclosed.
|
