Organic fuel cells and fuel cell conducting sheets

摘要

A passive direct organic fuel cell includes an organic fuel solution and is operative to produce at least 15 mW/cm<2 >when operating at room temperature. In additional aspects of the invention, fuel cells can include a gas remover configured to promote circulation of an organic fuel solution when gas passes through the solution, a modified carbon cloth, one or more sealants, and a replaceable fuel cartridge.