| 摘要 |
1. A method of water purification from liquid oil products comprising its heating, settling in the field of gravitation forces, filtering and settling in the field of gravitation forces, characterized in that there created a powerful field of centrifugal forces by providing water low speed equal V = 10...5000 rev/min, after settling in the field of gravitation forces the water is heated to a temperature not exceeding 35 degree C and when the water is being purified from oil products of heavy fractions it is subjected to an additional preliminary heating to a temperature not exceeding 60 degree C, the filtration is directed from top to downward in a rigidly laminated regime of the water flow being processed in an extractor under a low voltage electric potential, then the water is settled by an electrostatic field , in which the field vector is directed counter to the water flow speed vector being processed and a final filtration in a granulated filler of a fine fraction. 2. An oil-water centrifugal filtering separator using an electrostatic method of water processing, comprising a body with a bottom and a cover having manifolds, a granulated filler in the form of thermally hardened balls disposed inside the body, an upper gravity oil-settling tank, a lower gravity settler, manifolds for water being purified, for washing water and blowing air, a manifold for removing oil products and wastes, characterized in that said separator comprises a centrifugal step of water processing, a heater, an extractor, a recuperator, a drainage and collecting basin for purified water, an air valve, a drainage chamber and releasing an excess pressure, wherein the centrifugal step of water purification is arranged vertically along the body symmetry axis or with some displacement, fixed thereon by radial ribs and is designed as rigidly connected therebetween a cylindrical hydrocyclone, a cylindrical and conical mud collector for a coarse-dispersed suspensions with a mud discharge manifold, means for slowing down water flow speed as a pipe with radial holes in the upper part and a baffle in the form of flat or concave disk fixed at a distance from said means, the heater is a spiral-shaped flat and multitier structure and is positioned in the upper part of the body or in the lower part of the cover, the extractor is designed as a cylindrical cassette with connected to it a low voltage electrical potential having a main opening for the hydrocyclone, in the upper part of which a net is provided and in the bottom part a disk, perforated with big holes and filtering elements fixed thereon, the recuperator is designed as a spiral-shaped electrode or a net, to which a low voltage electrical potential of an opposite polarity than that of the extractor is connected, the drainage and collecting basin of purified water is designed as a system of branched horizontally interconnected pipes, to the bottom part of which are connected filtering elements in a predetermined sequence, said elements are connected to the manifold of purified water discharge, the drainage chamber and releasing an excess pressure is formed by a spherical part of the bottom and the disk perforated with big holes, filtering elements are fastened above them, with manifolds of fixing a safety valve, a drainage valve and the body protection, wherein the manifold of water being purified is connected to the cylindrical hydrocyclone, and the means for slowing down water flow speed is provided with a mud collector of fine-dispersed suspensions. 3. The separator according to claim 2, characterized in that the filtering elements of the extractor, the drainage and collecting basin, the drainage chambers and releasing an excess pressure can be cap-slot, spiral-slot, cone-slot or cap-wire. 4. The separator according to claim 2, characterized in that the cap-wire filters are made in the form of a cylindrical cap with longitudinal slots and a thread on the cylindrical surface, in the grooves of which wire is wound spaced 4/5...5/6 of the granulated filler ball diameter, the inner end of the wire is rigidly connected to the cap body, the other end is free. 5. The separator according to either of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the granulated filler balls are thermostressed and can be made of glass, ceramics or polymer. |
