| 摘要 |
Compounds of the formula wherein R3 is H, C1-C18 alkyl, C1-C18 perfluoroalkyl, CN, formyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylcarbonyl, or -(C=O)-NR1R2 where R1 and R2 are independently H, C1-C6 alkyl, aryl, or R1 a nd R2 taken in combination are -(CH2)2-M-(CH2)2- where M is a single bond, -O-, -CH2-, or - NR6-, where R6 is H or C1-C6 alkyl; or R3 is -L-RX or -L-SC; R4 is H, OH, CN, C1-C18 alkyl, C1-C18 perfluoroalkyl, sulfomethyl, biologically compatible salt of sulfomethyl, halomethyl, aryl, -L-R X or -L-S C; R5 is H or C1-C6 alkoxy; R7 is H, or a monovalent moiety derived by removal of a hydroxy group from a phosphate, a thiophosphate, a sulfate, or a biologically compatible salt thereof; or a monovalent moiety derived by removal of a hydroxy group from a carboxy group of an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid; or a monovalent moiety derived by removal of a hydroxy group from an alcohol or from a mono- or polysaccharide; or R7 is a photolabile caging group; wherein aryl is an aromatic substituent having 6 conjugated carbon atoms that is optionally and independently substituted by H, halogen, cyano, sulfo, biologically compatib le salts of sulfo, carboxy, nitro, alkyl, perfluoroalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino or alkylamido; heteroaryl is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocycle that is optionally fus ed to additional six-membered aromatic ring or is fused to one 5- or 6-membered heteroaromati c ring, said heteroaromatic rings containing at least 1 and as many as 3 heteroatoms that are selected from the group consisting of O, N and S in any combination, that is attached by a single bond, and is optionally and independently substituted by H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, or C1-C 6 alkoxy; each L is independently a single covalent bond, or L is a covalent linkage having 0-24 nonhydrogen atoms selected from the group consisting of C, N, O and S and is composed of any combination of single, double, triple or aromatic carbon-carbon bonds, carbo n- nitrogen bonds, nitrogen-nitrogen bonds, carbon-oxygen bonds and carbon-sulfur bonds; R X is a reactive group; and S C is a conjugated substance are fluorescent dyes which typically possess greater photostability and lowe r pH sensitivity in the physiological pH range than their nonfluorinated analogs, exhibit less fluorescence quenching when conjugated to a substance, possess absorption and emission spectra that closely match those of their nonfluorinated analogs, and also exhibit higher quantum yields than their nonfluorinated analogs.
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