| 摘要 |
An alkanoic acid ester monomer is provided having a number average molecular weight of about 1000 or less. The monomer may preferably have a formula selected from: HOCHR(CH2)yCOO A OH (I), H{OCHR(CH2)yCO}xO A OH (II), HOCHR(CH2)yCOO A OOC (CH2)yCHROH (III), H{OCHR(CH2)yCO}xOAO{OC(CH2)yCHRO}xH (IV), {HOCHR)CH2)yCO}zB (V), [H{OCHR(CH2)yCO}x]zB (VI), or T-[-OCR<1>R<2>(CR<3>R<4>)nCO-]p-Q (VII), wherein each R, which can be the same or different, is independently selected from hydrogen, a saturated alkyl group having from about 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, an unsaturated alkyl group having from about 2 to about 16 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof; A is (CH2)m or (CH2CHR'O)m, where m is from about 1 to about 25 and R' is hydrogen or methyl; x is from about 2 to about 25; y is from 0 to about 3; z is from about 1 to about 5; B is selected from: trimethyl propane when z is 1, 2, 3 or a mixture of 1, 2, and/or 3, glycerol when z is 1, 2, 3 or a mixture of 1, 2, and/or 3, triethanolamine when z is 1, 2, 3 or a mixture of 1, 2, and/or 3, or sucrose when z is 1 to p where p is the number of free hydroxyl groups or derivatives present in said compound; R1, R2, R3, and R4, which are the same as each other or different from one another, are each independently selected from saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals, halo- and hydroxy-substituted radicals, hydroxy radicals, halogen radicals, nitrogen-substituted radicals, oxygen-substituted radicals, or hydrogen atoms; n is from 0 to about 50, preferably from 0 to about 5; p is from 0 to about 25; Q is selected from: a hydroxy radical or an OR" radical wherein R" is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl radical containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and is preferably substituted; OAOH; OAOOC(CH2)yCHROH; OAO{OC(CH2)yCHRO}xH; or B; and T is selected from hydrogen, an alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, or an R"'COO carboxylate group wherein R"' is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. Coalescing agents, plasticizers, and green solvents including the monomer are also provided as are methods of making the monomer. In addition, methods of coalescing components, plasticizing compositions, and dissolving solutes using the monomer are also provided. |
