Modified water-soluble polyamides and substrates treated therewith

摘要

1,135,645. Epoxidized polyamides. PRECISION PROCESSES (TEXTILES) Ltd. 23 March, 1966 [24 March, 1965], No. 12567/65. Heading C3R. [Also in Division D1] A water soluble condensation resin is produced by reacting a linear water soluble polyamide containing free secondary amino groups with a linear polyoxyalkylene compound having terminal groups which react with secondary amino groups so that 5-50% of these groups react and then treating the product with epichlorohydrin. The polyamide may be derived from a polyalkylene polyamine or a mixture of an alkylene diamine and at least 20% polyalkylene polyamine and 0À4-0À6 mole per primary amino group of a C 3-10 alkane dicarboxylic acid. The polyalkylene polyamine may have 2-8 alkylene groups which may have pendant alkyl groups. The dicarboxylic acid may be replaced by its chloride, bromide or ester. The polyoxyalkylene compound may be derived from a polyethylene glycol or propylene glycol of M.W. 100-2500 or a compound of formula where R and R1 are H or hydrocarbon radicals free from olefinic or acetylenic unsaturation, e.g. methyl, phenyl or benzyl, and n is at least 3. The terminal groups may be halide introduced by halogenation, e.g. with SO 2 Cl 2 , PCl 5 or PBr 5 , or by reaction with an epihalohydrin, haloformyl introduced by oxidation, e.g. with HNO 3 or an alkali metal metavanadate, an halogenation or haloformate introduced by reaction with phosgene. Where the terminal group is halogen it may be reacted with the polyamide at elevated temperature in the presence of an acid acceptor. Where it is chloroformate it may be reacted at room temperature in the presence of an acid acceptor. In either case a diluent may be used. The product may be reacted at 40-90‹ C. with 1À0-1À5 moles of epichlorohydrin per free secondary amino group. This product may be quaternized with 30-50% of the theoretical amount of quaternizing agent to stabilize it. Alternatively it may be stabilized by formation of a 20-25% aqueous solution of pH 5-6. The product may be used as an antistatic agent or to prevent shrinking of woollen textiles. In this case an anion large enough to be trapped in the polymer lattice may be introduced. Anions specified are alkyl sulphate ions of at least 10 carbon atoms, alkyl benzyl sulphate ions of at least 13 carbon atoms, N-alkyl and N-alkenyl taurine anions, dinaphthylmethane disulphonate and dinaphthalene disulphonate ions. In Example (1) a polyamide of adipic acid and diethylene triamine is reacted with halogenated polyethylene glycol in the presence of KOH and polyethylene glycol as solvent. The product is treated with epichlorohydrin. In Example (4) the polyamide of Example (1) is reacted with polyethylene glycol which has been oxidized and halogenated in polyethylene glycol as solvent, the product being treated with epichlorohydrin. In Example (5), the product of Example (1) is treated with disodium dinaphthalene disulphonate.