Intercalates and exfoliates formed with monomeric carbonyl-functional organic compounds, including carboxylic and polycarboxylic acids; aldehydes; and ketones; composite materials containing same and methods of modifying rheology therewith

摘要

Intercalates formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant monomer carbonyl-functional compound and/or a carboxylic acid-functional compound to sorb or intercalate the intercalant monomer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant monomer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 ANGSTROM (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 ANGSTROM and preferably in the range of about 10-45 ANGSTROM , so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex can be combined with an organic liquid into a viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound; or the intercalated complex can be combined with a matrix polymer to form a strong, filled polymer matrix. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid or the matrix polymer.