Two stage reverse osmosis or ultra-filtration - using both static and dynamic membrane support systems

摘要

Sepn. of mixt. of various substances such as solns., suspensions or emulsions uses reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration techniques. The raw material is treated in a first stage using known static type contactors, which separate it into a concentrate and a permeate. The water extracted can be in the range 20-95% based on the initial content of the feed. The concentrate may be recycled several times through the unit which can be operated continuously or batchwise. The concentrate is then passed to a second stage of separation using dynamic type contactors. This again can be batchwise or continuous and recycle can be used. The separation on the first stage is taken to the point where a sudden drop in mass transfer flux would occur were this value exceeded. Used for sepg. solns., emulsions and suspensions esp. for whey into albumen and aq permeate.