METHOD AND APPARATUS USEFUL FOR DETECTING BLOODGROUP ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES

摘要

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for detecting bloodgroup antigens and antibodies. The method is a direct or indirect assay. The direct assay comprises adding a sample of erythrocytes to a reaction tube with two layers of immunoreactive particles, a first having Protein G and a second having Protein A coupled thereto. Antibodies specific for bloodgroup antigens are coupled to the ligand on the particles. The reaction tube is then centrifuged to force to the bottom of the tube erythrocytes not attached to antibodies on the particles. The indirect assay comprises obtaining erythrocytes, serum or plasma samples and mixing these with a known antibody or antigen, depending on whether antigens or antibodies are being detected. The mixture is incubated in a reaction tube above two layers of particles, a first having Protein G and a second having Protein A coupled thereto. The tube is centrifuged to force to the bottom of the tube erythrocytes not attached to ligands on the particles. A positive response yields a visually detectable line or zone of bound erythrocytes in the particles. A negative response yields a visually detectable zone of nonbinding erythrocytes at the bottom of the tube.