LIQUID ELECTROLYTE AND RECHARGEABLE CHEMICAL CELL WITH LITHIUM/CARBON ANODE

摘要

PURPOSE: To provide a high performance chemical battery comprising a lithium/ carbon anode by using single phase article bearing on its surface a thin layer which is impermeable to a solvent of an electrolyte but disperses lithium as the carbonaceous material for the anode. CONSTITUTION: This rechargeable chemical battery comprises a cathode, an electrolytic solution containing a solute and at least one kind of solvent, and an anode containing a carbonaceous material having crystallinity not less than 0.8 and crystallized to the extremely high extent. The carbonaceous material is single phase particle bearing a thin layer on the surface and the thin layer is impermeable to the solvent of the electrolytic solution but disperses lithium and the impermeable property is either the characteristic property or produced by conversion of the thin film into passive state by reaction with the electrolyte. This thin film completely inhibits penetration with molecules of the solvent, which causes peeling of the anode and irreversible process. The effect of the penetrating force of the lithium is limited inside and thickness of the carbonaceous material whose crystallization is carried out to the far extent is no practical effect.