Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Adipinsaeuredinitril durch Umsetzung von Adipinsaeure mit Ammoniak

摘要

Adiponitrile is prepared by reacting adipic acid vapour with ammonia and catalytically dehydrating at an elevated temperature. A molten stream of adipic acid is flowed through a small opening axially with an annular zone with a stream of super-heated ammonia moving concurrently and concentrically with respect to the adipic acid, the concentric streams are expanded and heated to vaporize the adipic acid and the material flowed over a dehydrating catalyst and the adiponitrile condensed. Preferably the stream of superheated ammonia enters the first annular zone tangentially near the larger end thereof and a stream of super-heated steam may be flowed into the zone simultaneously with the ammonia. An apparatus (Fig. 1) is described in which a nozzle block (24 and Fig. 3) introduces the adipic acid, ammonia and steam through an expansion cup 20, to a catalyst chamber 10 in which four heated catalyst containing tubes, e.g. containing oxides of aluminium, silicon, tungsten, titanium, and molybdenum or a sintered mixture of boric and phosphoric acid are contained, and which lead to a condenser and receiver.