Method and apparatus for determining characteristics of clay-bearing formations

摘要

The volume of clay within clay-bearing formations is determined throughout the formations. This volume of clay is then functionally related to measurements indicative of the formations. Utilizing measured formation characteristics representative of different clay types, such as potassium content or bound water content, the formation porosity measurements are extrapolated to indicate the porosity log measurements which would be yielded if the logging devices were responsive only to the clay within the formations. In addition the cation exchange capacity and the hydrogen index are used to determine volume, types and distribution of clays. These extrapolated measurements are then related to known or determinable formation characteristics to determine additional formation properties such as porosity, permeability, and fluid saturation characteristics.