| 摘要 |
1296293 Lubricants; fuels LUBRIZOL CORP 19 April 1971 [20 April 1970] 26626/71 Headings C5F and C5G [Also in Division C3] Lubricating and fuel compositions comprise as dispersants oil soluble esters of substituted maleic and fumaric acids wherein the substituent is substantially saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and contains at least 30 aliphatic carbon atoms, with mono- and polyhydric alcohols. Specified lubricants are animal and vegetable oils; paraffinic, naphthenic, coal and shale oils; and synthetic lubricants such as polyolefins, alkylbenzenes, polyphenyls, polyalkylene oxides, dicarboxylic acid esters, phosphoric and phosphonic acid esters, alkyl diphenyl ethers, silicone and silicate oils, and polymerized tetrahydrofurans. Specified fuels are gasolines, fuel oils, diesel and aviation fuels and kerosene, which may also contain conventional lead scavengers, deicers, anticlogging agents, demulsifiers and smoke suppressants. The esters may be prepared by reacting chloro- or bromo-substituted maleic or fumaric acids or functional derivatives thereof with unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. unsaturated petroleum fractions or polyolefins such as polyisolutylene, polypropylene, polyethylene or ethylene/propylene copolymers, and esterifying the resulting substituted maleic or fumaric acid acylating agent with a mono- or polyhydric alcohol. The products may be neutralized with alkaline earth metal bases or amines. Many suitable reactants are listed and examples describe additives prepared by esterifying polyisobutenyl maleic anhydride with (2) pentaerythritol, the product being neutralized with pentaethylene hexamine, (4) trimethylolpropane, (5) pentaerythritol, (6) sorbitol, (9) t-butanol, (11) pentaerythritol/trimethylolpropane mixture and (12) diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the esterification of polyisobutenyl fumaric acid with (3) sorbitol, (8) polyethylene glycol and (10) propylene oxide; and the esterification of di(polyisobutenyl) maleic acid with (7) triethanolamine. Examples describe compositions of mineral lubricating oils containing (A) products (2) and (11), (B) product (2) and zinc dicyclohexyl- and diisobutyl phosphorodithioates, (C) product (8), dinonylphosphorodithioate/hexene oxide adduct, sulphurized methyl ester of tall oil, polyisobutene, poly alkyl methacrylate and lard oil, (D) product (7), dioctyl phosphorodithioate, barium salt of phospho-sulphurized polypropylene, carbonated barium sulphonate of mahogany acid and decyl methacrylate/diethylamino ethyl acrylate copolymer; diethylhexyl sebacate containing (F) product (9); and (F) diesel fuel and (G) gasoline containing product (5). |
