| 摘要 |
1. A process of recovering oil from oil-containing minerals by retorting on a traveling grate, wherein a bed is charged, which consists of a layer of oil-containing mineral and a layer of retorted and burnt material, which has been left after solid carbon present in the bed after the retorting has been burnt with ignition and a flow of oxygen-containing gases sucked through, gases are heated in the retorting zone to the temperature required for retorting as they pass through the layer of the burnt mineral, the layer of oil-containing mineral is heated to the retorting temperature by the heated-up gases as they flow through said layer, and oil is separated in a separating stage from the retort gases which contain the retorting products, characterized in that burnt material which becomes available after the combustion of solid carbon is charged onto the traveling grate to form a bottom layer and oil-containing mineral is charged onto said layer to form a top layer, inert or reducing gases are forced through the charge bed from below in the retorting zone and are heated as they flow through the hot bottom layer and effect retorting as they pass through the top layer, the retort gases leaving the retorting zone are passed through the separating stage to remove the oil from said gases, the solid carbon in the surface of the top layer is ignited by means of an ignition furnace in a combustion zone, which succeeds the retorting zone, the burning zone is thereafter caused to move through the top layer as oxygen-containing gases are sucked through the top layer at such a controlled rate that the bed is heated to the highest possible temperature by the combustion of solid carbon, and burnt material is removed from the bed discharged from the traveling grate and is recycled to form the bottom layer. |
