| 摘要 |
A method for electroslag welding of light metals providing for successive operations of fixation of the parts to be welded with a required gap between them, fixation of a forming device and the electrode, filling in the gap with a flux, forming a flux bath, subsequent melting the electrode and the welded edges and forming the metal bath which is then developed, kept in a molten state and used for filling in the welding gap with the molten metal and final crystallization of the molten metal. The method provides for developing the metal bath outside the gap and above the parts to be welded, whereas the filling in the gap with the molten metal is effected after the entire melting of the electrode and the parts to be welded and after accumulation of a metal bath volume sufficient for filling in the gap and reinforcement of the weld. The method is implemented by means of a forming device, which comprises crystallizers (9), a reservoir (13) located above the parts to be welded and a reservoir (14) located below the parts to be welded. The crystallizers (9) are provided with porous elements (12) as well as with stepped porous slots (10) used as a supporting platform (11) for placing the said porous elements (12) so that closed hollows are formed by those elements (12) and the slots (10). The reservoir (13) located above the parts to be welded is further provided with external (16) and internal (17) clamps and with a jumper (18) interconnecting the internal clamps (17). The reservoir (14) located below the parts to be welded is provided with a transverse partition (27). The flux which is used for the welding process contains the cryolite, the baryum fluoride and a bromide of an alkaline metal. |
