| 摘要 |
1,158,269. Saturated alcohols. CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS A.G. 25 Nov., 1966 [26 Nov., 1965], No. 52872/66. Heading C2C. Production of saturated aliphatic alcohols by hydrogenation in the vapour phase of olefinically unsaturated aldehydes or of saturated aldehydes contaminated with trace amounts of olefinically unsaturated aldehydes in two stages with different catalysts, wherein the catalyst used in the first stage is a copper-nickel catalyst arranged on a carrier and containing 97 to 75% by weight of a silica gel carrier and 3 to 25% by weight of copper and nickel as activating metals with or without modifiers known for copper catalysts, the proportion of copper, on the total of activating metals being 60 to 80% by weight and the proportion of nickel accordingly being 40 to 20% by weight, and the catalyst used in the second stage is a supported nickel or palladium catalyst or a mixed arrangement of these two catalysts, the proportion of the catalyst used in the second stage being not more than one third of the total volume of catalysts used in both stages. The first stage catalyst, which may contain chromium, chromic oxide, magnesium or a phosphate (which may be added in the form of an alkali metal phosphate during the production of the catalyst) as modifier, is prepared by conventional means. The second stage catalyst may be supported on carriers such as silica gel, aluminium oxide, diatomaceous earth, pumice, clay materials, active carbon or magnesium oxide and may contain 0À005 to 10% by weight of palladium or 1 to 60% by weight of nickel. The catalysts may be arranged in a single reaction tube or in two separate reactors and the preferred proportions of the catalysts in each stage are specified. The process is effected at a temperature in the range 120‹ to 220‹ C. and under a pressure which maintains the reaction medium in the gaseous phase. The preparation of n-butanol and 2-ethylhexanol free of unsaturated compotmds by hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde or butyraldehyde, optionally containing olefinically unsaturated aldehydes, and of 2-ethylhexenal respectively is described. |
