| 摘要 |
Membranes, for example immersed polymeric ultrafiltration or microfiltrati on membranes, are cleaned by contacting them with a chemical cleaner comprising one or more of a gluconate, a hydrosulfite, a metabisulfite or an acid, for example phosphoric acid. The membranes may have been exposed to pretreatment involving adding iron or aluminum to water to be treated. Methods for treating a waste cleaning solution were described. |
