| 摘要 |
Compounds comprising multiple hydrophilic heads and a lipophilic tail may be employed into fluids to inhibit agglomeration of hydrates, among other things. Suitable hydrophilic heads may include secondary, tertiary, and/or quaternary ammonium cation moieties, phosphonium cation moieties, and combinations thereof. Such LDHI compounds may provide enhanced interactivity with hydrate crystals and/or hydrate-forming molecules. These compounds may be employed in fluids in various environments, such as a conduit penetrating a subterranean formation, or a conduit carrying fluid in an industrial setting. |
| 主权项 |
1. A method of inhibiting the formation of hydrate agglomerates, the method comprising:
introducing a composition into a fluid comprising (i) water and (ii) one of gas, liquid hydrocarbon, and combinations thereof; wherein the composition comprises an LDHI compound, the LDHI compound having the structural formula: wherein each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, a C1 to C12 hydrocarbon chain, and combinations thereof; wherein M is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and phosphorous; wherein X is an anion selected from the group consisting of halide, carboxylate, sulfate, organic sulfonate, hydroxide, and combinations thereof; wherein L is a C1 to C20 hydrocarbon chain; and wherein T is selected from the group consisting of compounds having the following structural formulas: wherein R is a C1 to C20 hydrocarbon chain;wherein J is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C1 to C6 hydrocarbon chain, and combinations thereof;wherein X″ is an anion selected from the group consisting of halide, carboxylate, sulfate, organic sulfonate, hydroxide, and combinations thereof;wherein M′ is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and phosphorous; andwherein Q is selected from the group consisting of: H, a C1 to C20 hydrocarbon chain, alkyl amine, alkenyl amine, alkynyl amine, aryl amine, alkyl phosphine, alkenyl phosphine, alkynyl phosphine, aryl phosphine, alkyl ammonium, alkenyl ammonium, alkynyl ammonium, aryl ammonium, alkyl phosphonium, alkenyl phosphonium, alkynyl phosphonium, aryl phosphonium, and combinations thereof. |
