| 摘要 |
Ethanol is produced by reacting methanol with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising (i) cobalt, (ii) one or more other metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of which ruthenium and osmium are preferred, (iii) an iodide or a bromide, typically iodine and (iv) a compound having the formula (A) (B) (C) X in which X is nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or bismuth and A, B and C are individually monovalent organic radicals or X is phosphorus, arsenic or antimony and any two of A, B and C together form an organic divalent cyclic ring system bonded to the X atom or X is nitrogen and all of A, B and C together form an organic trivalent cyclic ring system bonded to the X atom. Compounds which may be used as the component (iv) include triethylphosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, tri-t- butylphosphine and triphenylphosphine. Other compounds may be added to further improve the molar yield of realisable ethanol. |
