CONDUCTIVE ROLLER, DEVELOPING APPARATUS, AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

摘要

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a conductive roller and a developing apparatus which contribute to formation of an image having a small variation in an image density by keeping an initial surface state; and an image forming apparatus which can form an image having a small variation in an image density for a long period of time.SOLUTION: A conductive roller includes a urethane coat layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of an elastic layer. The urethane coat layer contains a urethane resin as a binder resin; 0.5-60 pts.mass of at least one ionic liquid selected from the group consisting of a pyridinium ionic liquid, an amine ionic liquid and an imidazolium ionic liquid with respect to 100 pts.mass of the urethane resin; and 10-160 pts.mass of urethane resin particles with respect to 100 pts.mass of the urethane resin. A developing apparatus includes the conductive roller. An image forming apparatus includes the developing apparatus.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1