| 摘要 |
<p>The present invention relates to the field of creating highly dispersed emulsions, the physical and chemical properties of which remain stable over time, from water and water-insoluble substances, in particular water/hydrocarbon emulsions, and of producing environmentally-friendly fuel additives which may be of interest in the chemical industry, the food industry, the housing and utility sector, highway construction and the use of automotive technology. The proposed invention further relates to the field of processing and recycling water-insoluble substances, oil residues, hydrocarbon components and water-containing components (oil-contaminated waters, spent cutting fluids, etc.) and can be used in the processing and use of liquid and resinous hydrocarbon waste (oil, fuel oil, diesel fuel, vegetable oils, mineral oils, oil sludges, fuel oil sludges, paraffins, asphaltenes, etc.). The method for producing temporally stable water/hydrocarbon emulsions and environmentally-friendly fuel additives from water and a hydrocarbon component consists in purifying the latter of mechanical impurities, followed by mixing in a disintegrator, in hydrodynamic microvortex structures. The product of mixing is simultaneously broken down and homogenized in the disintegrator, wherein the maximum size of the particles of the dispersed phase is not greater than 10 mkm and the average size is 0.01-1 mkm. Emulsifiers can be added to the water/hydrogen emulsion to increase temporal stability. The total water content in a combustible and temporally stable water/hydrocarbon emulsion can vary within a range of 1-95%. Meanwhile, noxious emissions are reduced by 5-1000 times. The water used can be oil-contaminated waters, energy-bearing aqueous run-off, spent cutting fluids or process water.</p> |
