Process for the direct amination of secondary alcohols with ammonia to give primary amines

摘要

The invention relates to a process for preparing primary amines which comprises the process steps
A) provision of a solution of a secondary alcohol in a fluid, nongaseous phase,B) contacting of the phase with free ammonia and/or at least one ammonia-releasing compound and a homogeneous catalyst and optionallyC) isolation of the primary amine formed in process step B),characterized in that the volume ratio of the volume of the liquid phase to the volume of the gas phase in process step B is greater than or equal to 0.25, and/or in that the ammonia is used in process step B) in a molar ratio based on the hydroxyl groups in the secondary alcohol of at least 5:1.

主权项

1. A process for preparing a primary amine, the process comprising:
i) preparing a solution of a secondary alcohol and a homogeneous catalyst in a fluid, nongaseous phase; ii) contacting the solution with free ammonia, at least one ammonia-releasing compound, or both, in an amount such that a molar ratio of the ammonia to hydroxyl groups in the secondary alcohol is at least 5:1; iii) reacting the ammonia with the secondary alcohol under a pressure of 5 to 500 bar to maintain a two phase reaction comprising a liquid phase and a gas phase to obtain the primary amine; and iv) optionally isolating the primary amine obtained; wherein: a volume ratio of the liquid phase to the gas phase in the reaction is greater than or equal to 0.25.