| 摘要 |
A catalyst for the reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to give hydrocarbons and their oxygen derivatives is prepared, prior to the reaction, by reducing a compound of a metal of the iron group, reducible to metal below 500 DEG C., with a reducing gas at below 500 DEG C., and treating the reduced substance in the absence of an oxidizing gas at such a temperature above 500 DEG C. but below the melting point, and for such a time that at least a partial sintering occurs. The reduction may be effected at about 300-400 DEG C., or above with hydrogen-containing gases, carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane, and the subsequent heating at 600-1000 DEG C. or above, in vacuo or in the presence of, for example, nitrogen argon or hydrogen. Each treatment may be carried out in one or more stages at ordinary, reduced or increased pressures up to 100 atmos. or more. The reaction of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen is effected at above 150, preferably 200-450 DEG C., and under similar pressures. In an example, precipitated iron hydroxide mixed with aluminium hydroxide is reduced with hydrogen at 450 DEG C. and then heated for about 3 hours at 850 DEG C. with nitrogen. Specifications 473,932 and 474,448 are referred to.ALSO:Hydrocarbons of more than one carbon atom and/or oxygen-containing derivatives of hydrocarbons, e.g. alcohols, ketones, esters, acids, and aldehydes, are obtained by contacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen at a reacting temperature with a catalyst prepared, prior to the reaction, by reducing a compound of a metal of the iron group, reducible to metal below 500 DEG C., with a reducing gas at below 500 DEG C., and treating the reduced substance in the absence of an oxidizing gas at such a temperature above 500 DEG C. but below the melting point, and for such a time that at least a partial sintering occurs. The reduction may be effected at about 300-450 DEG C. or above with hydrogen-containing gases, carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane, and the subsequent heating at 600-1000 DEG C. or above, in vacuo or in the presence of, for example, nitrogen, argon or hydrogen. Each treatment may be carried out in one or more stages at ordinary, reduced or increased pressures up to 100 atmos. or more. The reaction of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen is effected as above 150, preferably 200-450 DEG C., and under similar pressures. In an example, precipitated iron hydroxide mixed with aluminium hydroxide is reduced with hydrogen at 450 DEG C. and then heated for about 3 hrs. at 850 DEG C. with nitrogen. It is used for the conversion at about 320 DEG C. and 15 atmos., of CO and H2 in the ratio of 1 : 2 into mainly gaseous, liquid, and solid hydrocarbons. Specifications 473,932 and 474,448 are referred to. |
