| 摘要 |
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charging member which prevents abnormal electric discharge that may induce uneven electrification, and a surface layer of which is less stained to thereby enable even electrification over a long period.SOLUTION: A charging member comprises a base 101, an elastic layer 102 and a surface layer 103. The surface layer contains a high-molecular-weight compound composed of the condensate of a specific hydrolyzable silane compound having a Si-O-Ti bond, a Ti-O-M bond and a Si-O-M bond. M represents an atom selected from the group consisting of V, Nb and W. Preferably, the atomic ratio M/(M+Ti) of M to the sum of Ti and M is 0.005 or more and 0.90 or less. |
