| 摘要 |
1,205,107. Billet piercing; scalping. CERRO CORP. 22 Oct., 1968 [13 March, 1968], No. 49967/68. Headings B3H and B3L. An apparatus for pre-piercing and scalping a billet to prepare it for extrusion comprises a ram 42 to force the billet into a container 94 against an abutment 144 to compress the billet to the size of the container, a piercing mandrel 48 slidable within the ram to pierce the billet and a scalping die 126 through which the billet is pushed after removal of the abutment. The ram 42 is mounted on a movable platen 23 and moved along tie-rods 14 by hydraulic cylinders 17 mounted on a fixed platen 10. The mandrel is moved relative to the platen 23 by a pair of hydraulic cylinders 21. The ram 42 has an axial bore 43 along which the mandrel 48 is moved. The mandrel is screwed into a holder 54 slidable in a horizontal slot in the ram and the holder 54 is bolted to a cross-head 59. The mandrel 48, holder 54 and cross-head 59 are provided with cooling ducts 62-70. The billet is initially supported in a cradle defined by adjustable pads 83, 84, Figs. 8, 8A, 8B, 8C (not shown). The billet container 94 is mounted on a fixed platen 92. The container has a tapered inner wall 95, Fig. 11, and an alloy steel liner 94a is press-fitted into the container. The container is mounted in a hole 93 in the platen 92 and the diameter of the hole is greater than the container to allow for adjustment to align the mandrel and container. The container has bores 107 to receive heating elements if desired. The scalping die 126 is mounted in a fixed platen 111 mounted on adjustable levelling blocks 111a. The platen receives the ends of the tie-rods 14. The die is bolted to a die holder 122 which is bolted to the platen. The die has three knives 132, Fig. 12 (not shown), mounted at spaced points to cut the scalped metal into segments. The abutment or gate lock 144 is positioned between the container 94 and the scalping die 126 and is slidable in guide blocks 141, (142), Fig. 10 (not shown), on the platen 111 by an hydraulic cylinder 147. The gate lock has a small central bore 149 with an annular trimmer 152 which trims the flash formed by the piercing mandrel from the billet during the raising of the gate lock. A knock-out rod 155 actuated by a pneumatic cylinder 157 serves to move the flash from the bore. In operation, a heated copper or brass billet is rolled on to the pads 83, 84 of the cradle and the ram pushes the billet into the container against the gate lock and compresses it. The ram is then retracted and moved forward with the mandrel 48 and the billet is pierced by the mandrel, Figs. 17-20 (not shown). The mandrel is withdrawn and the ram acts as a stripper. The gate-lock 144 is raised to shear the flash and the ram pushes the pierced billet through the scalping die 26. The ram finally ejects the billet to a discharge position where the billet rolls into an extrusion press loader, Figs. 21-24 (not shown). |
