Photoelectric cell

摘要

A photovoltaic cell comprising a first substrate having on its surface an electrode layer (1), the electrode layer (1) having on its surface a semiconductor film (2) on which a photosensitizer is adsorbed, and a second substrate having on its surface an electrode layer (3), the first substrate and the second substrate arranged so that the electrode layer (1) overlaid with the semiconductor film (2) and the electrode layer (3) are opposite to each other with an electrolyte layer (4) interposed therebetween, wherein the electrolyte layer (4) comprises an electrolyte and a liquid crystal, and wherein at least one of the electrode-layer-having substrates is transparent. Another photovoltaic cell comprising a first substrate having on its surface an electrode layer (21), the electrode layer (21) having on its surface a semiconductor film (22) on which a photosensitizer is adsorbed, and a second substrate having on its surface an electrode layer (23), the first substrate and the second substrate arranged so that the electrode layer (21) overlaid with the semiconductor film (22) and the electrode layer (23) are opposite to each other with an electrolyte sealed between the semiconductor film (22) and the electrode layer (23), wherein spacer particles are interposed between the semiconductor film (22) and the electrode layer (23), or wherein spacer particles are sunk in the semiconductor film (32) in such a manner that at least portions of the spacer particles are exposed from the semiconductor film (32) so as to contact the electrode layer (33). A further photovoltaic cell comprising a first substrate having on its surface an electrode layer (41), the electrode layer (41) having on its surface a metal oxide semiconductor film (42) on which a photosensitizer is adsorbed, and a second substrate having on its surface an electrode layer (43), the first substrate and the second substrate arranged so that the metal oxide semiconductor film (42) and the electrode layer (43) are opposite to each other with an electrolyte layer interposed therebetween, wherein the metal oxide semiconductor film (42) comprises metal oxide particles each having a specified core/shell structure. These photovoltaic cells have advantageous properties, such as attainment of high electron migration velocity, prolonged stability of electrolyte layer and high photovoltaic transduction efficiency.