Foamed polyurethanes containing saccharide useful for production of shaped parts

摘要

Reaction of acidified saccharide with an alkaline reagent and an alkylene oxide results in surface etherification or partial alkoxylation of the saccharide, whereby cleavage and side reactions are avoided. Combination of the alkoxylation product with sugar-based polyetherpolyol gives foamed polyurethane of increased heat resistance and profile stability on storage and decreased shrinkage. Compact or cellular oligo- and/or polysaccharide containing polyurethane is prepared by reaction of (a) high molecular compounds having at least two reactive H with (b) organic and/or inorganic modified organic di- and/or polyisocyanates; (c) a chain lengthening- and/or crosslinking agent; (d) a propellant; (e) catalysts; and (f) adjuvants. The high molecular compound (a) comprises (wt.%): (a1) saccharide containing compounds (1-100) and (a2) at least one polyol (0-99), relative to the total weight of (a). The saccharide containing compound (a1) comprises (wt.%): (a11) an alkoxylation component (1-99) and (a12) a polyoxyalkylenepolyol (1-99) of an oligo- and/or polysaccharide, relative to the total weight of alkoxylation component (a11), defined and prepared as below. Independent claims are included for: (1) An oligo- and/or polysaccharide alkoxylation component obtained by reaction of (wt.%): (a111) at least one oligo- and/or polysaccharide product (5-70) of pH 3.5-6 with (a112) an alkylene oxide (20-94.9), (a113) an alkali (0.1-10), relative to the total weight of alkoxylation component; (2) an oligo- and/or polysaccharide containing polyurethane prepared as above; a (3) shaped polyurethane parts obtained as above;