| 摘要 |
An improved well logging technique is provided for more accurately deriving measurements of sub-surface earth formations, for processing and recording such measurements to record them in reproducible form, and to more informatively display such measurements. Other significant features and aspects of the overall technique include improved methods and apparatus for deriving such measurements in digital form and for merging or combining two or more such measurements in one storage. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the logging sonde is provided with means for forming the logging data into discrete "frames" of data expressed in digital form, and for delivering such frames of data to the surface preferably in response to a command signal which is generated at the surface in correlation with the depth of the sonde in the borehole. Alternatively, the data may include representations of an acoustic signature which may be sent to the surface in analog form at which time they are transformed into digital form. At the surface, the frames of digital data are preferably accumulated and thereafter processed. Furthermore, compatible data which is historical in character may conveniently be merged with the data thus generated, and may either be correlatively recorded and displayed, or a correlative function of such data and other historical data may thereafter be derived and recorded. Provision is included for deriving a recordable and reproducible digitized acoustic signature of such formations and for deriving an acoustic velocity measurement from the digitized acoustic signature.
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