| 摘要 |
Isocyanates are produced by reacting phosgene with halogen salts of primary aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amines under such conditions that the liberated halogen acid is removed from the reaction mixture; this may be effected by passing in a rapid stream of phosgene (which may be mixed with a gaseous diluent) or by effecting the reaction in a liquid diluent which will not dissolve the halogen acid, such as mono- or di-chlorbenzene, toluene or xylene. Suitable amines are butyl, isobutyl, hexyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, oleyl, benzyl, b -phenylethyl, and ac tetrahydroa and b -naphthyl amines, ethylene diamine, mixtures of amines formed by hydrogenating in the presence of ammonia natural fats and oils, or their fatty acids, and hexahydroaniline. Examples describe the reaction of phosgene on the hydrochlorides of octadecylamine oleylamine, benzylamine, the amines from palm kernel fat, cyclohexylamine, b -phenylethylamine, dodecylamine, ac tetrahydro-b -naphthylamine, butylamine, chlorethylamine, naphtheneamines, amines from the acids produced by the oxidation of paraffins or from train oils. Substituted ureas are formed by reacting octadecyl isocyanate with ammonia or octadecylamine, benzyl isocyanate with aniline, cyclohexyl isocyanate with ammonia or water, b -phenyl-ethyl isocyanate with water, and butyl isocyanate with ammonia. b -Chlorethylamine hydrochloride is produced by dissolving ethanolamine in 1.2-4-trichlorbenzene and treating with hydrogen chloride. |
