Process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas

摘要

A process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, is disclosed. The process consists of separately preheating and then mixing a first input stream containing a hydrocarbon and a second input stream containing oxygen, supplying the first input stream and the second input stream via a burner block to a firing space, quenching a cracking gas obtained to produce a process water stream and a product gas stream, cooling the product gas stream in a cooling column by direct heat exchange with cooling water, depleting soot in an electrostatic filter, combining all process water streams and passing through soot channels, subjecting the combined process water stream to a cleaning operation by partial vaporization in a one-stage flash vessel to obtain a cleaned process water stream, and recycling the cleaned process water stream into the process.

主权项

1. A process for preparing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, the process comprising:
separately preheating a first input stream comprising a hydrocarbon and a second input stream comprising oxygen, mixing the first input stream and the second input stream in a ratio of mass flow rates of the second input stream to the first input stream corresponding to an oxygen ratio λ of less than or equal to 0.31, wherein the oxygen ratio λ is a ratio of an amount of oxygen actually present in the second input stream to a stochiometrically necessary amount of oxygen required for complete combustion of the hydrocarbon present in the first input stream; supplying the first input stream and the second input stream via a burner block to a firing space in which the partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon takes place to obtain a cracking gas; quenching the cracking gas to of from 80 to 90 degrees Celsius downstream of the firing space by injecting an aqueous quench medium, to obtain a process water stream Iliq and a product gas stream Ig; cooling the product gas stream Ig in a cooling column by direct heat exchange with cooling water to obtain a process water stream IIliq as a bottom stream, a product gas stream IIg as a top stream and a side stream; depleting soot from the side stream in an electrostatic filter to obtain a process water stream IIIliq in the electrostatic filter; combining process water streams Iliq, IIliq and IIIliq and passing through soot channels comprising surface particulate precipitators to obtain a combined process water stream IVliq; subjecting the combined process water stream IVliq to a cleaning operation by partial vaporization in a one-stage flash vessel, wherein the combined process water stream IVliq is vaporized in a proportion of from 0.01% by weight to 10% by weight, based on a total weight thereof, to obtain a cleaned process water stream Vliq; and recycling the cleaned process water stream Vliq into the process.