| 摘要 |
FIELD: physics.SUBSTANCE: method of surveying the bottom topography of a water area, according to the invention, includes navigating a vessel, which is fitted with an echo sounder, through scheduled courses; emitting hydroacoustic signals towards the bottom; receiving the said signals reflected from the surface of the bottom using the echo sounder; hydroacoustically measuring the distance from the transceiving antenna of the echo sounder to the point of the reflecting surface of the bottom of the water area; determining geodesic coordinates of the transceiving antenna of the echo sounder; measuring roll and pitch parameters of the true heading, the speed of the vessel; at the beginning of each course and at the end, passing the vessel through the location of a reference hydrographic station with a known depth and geodesic coordinates, measured at the time of passing through the reference hydrographic station, and the geodesic coordinates are measured, and the true values of the depth and geodesic coordinates thereof at the points located along the course are determined by calculation using new formulae given in the description of the invention. The echo sounder for carrying out the present method of surveying the bottom topography of a water area comprises a transceiving antenna, a transmitting unit, a receiving-measuring unit, a control unit, as well as a unit for automatic determination of the true depth and geodesic coordinates thereof, which are free of random and systematic errors, by calculation using the given formulae, and a recording device, wherein the output of the determining unit and the input of the receiving-measuring unit are connected respectively through the control unit to the input of the transceiving antenna, and the outputs of the receiving-measuring unit and the navigation system are connected through the control unit to the input of the unit for the automatic determination of the true depth and geodesic coordinates thereof, which are free of random and systematic errors, the output of which is connected to the input of the recording device.EFFECT: enabling the automatic elimination of random and systematic errors when surveying the bottom of a water area with an echo sounder.2 cl, 2 dwg |
